How Native Americans Handle Symptoms of Illness - 750 Words

Everyone gets sick and throughout generations they find ways to handle the symptoms. The ways that people define and decide to treat their illnesses depend on their culture. The Native Americans have developed their own ways to handle their illnesses. Their techniques should be incorporated more into modern medicine; this would improve the way modern medicine is practiced. The Native American’s believe that they are spiritually and physically connected to nature (Schwing, 2008). This is the way that Lori was raised on the reservation. She had attended ceremonies with her father as she was growing up (Alvord, 2000). Everyone should try to understand the Native American view, and try to adopt at least part of it. Weather someone wants to look at it from a spiritual way or a biological way the earth is interconnected with the people and the animals living on it. We are seeing more species of animals and plants being extinct, and it seems that most people do not care or j ust done realize that this is happening. Not only are we losing out on specific species themselves but also by how it will disrupt the balance of nature. Native Americans believe that people can get ill from an imbalanced life or diseases (Schwing, 2008). Lori had seen this many times with her patients in the hospital. When the people in the operating room were not balance with themselves and each other Lori noticed that the patients had rougher recoveries. Once she started to notice this sheShow MoreRelatedShort History Of Disease Essay798 Words   |  4 Pagesenough insulin which is needed to handle the glucose in their body. When this occurs, people will need to depend on insulin medication to allow the glucose to travel from the blood stream into our cells, then used for energy. The sequence of diabetes type 2 has changed over the years. Before it was believed that people with type 2 diabetes were only related to individuals who were overweight. we now know that it may differ. When your father has this chronic illness the chances of you developing itRead MoreSuicide Among Adolescents And College Students1649 Words   |  7 Pagesconcerning, because they are suffering in silence and nobody even knows so they can’t get the proper help and treatment that they need. Nobody should have to deal with depression and mental illness alone, having a support system can help drastically and go a long way in helping people cope with mental illness. Two times as many men ages 20-24 commit suicide compared to women. Men commit suicide four times as often as women, but women attempt suicide three times as often as men. The emotional healthRead MoreThe Idea Of Childbirth Over Time Essay1611 Words   |  7 Pagescultural setting, mortality rates, and professionals a vailable at the time. Based on these ideas it is easy to see how social and behavioral aspects influenced childbirth throughout the seventeenth, eighteenth, ninetieth and twentieth centuries. In addition, communities’ views on childbirth were influenced by the development of public health infrastructure, public health policy advancement and how well public officials were able to disseminate information. In the colonial era, the majority of women spentRead MoreSuicide Among African Americans Today3552 Words   |  15 PagesAmong African Americans Today I ask myself, â€Å"What is something that has an effect on African Americans today?† After days of much thought and coming up with nothing I said, â€Å"Well, I’m an African American†¦ What’s something that has been effecting my life?† SUICIDE†¦ Whether it be committed or attempted, suicide is something that I see to be a growing issue among the African American culture. I believe this to be brought on by either 1. Depression 2. Fear or 3. Mental Illness Suicide a hiddenRead MoreAlcoholism : Native American Youth2979 Words   |  12 PagesAlcoholism: Native American Youth Alcoholism is a prevalent social epidemic for Native Americans, especially among youth between the ages of 13 to 18 that reside on the reservations. Alcoholism and chronic substance abuse among Native America youth is increasing at a rapid rate in the past few years. Alcoholism is risk of substance abuse or dependence is consistently elevated in adolescents who had been victims of assault or who had witnessed violence (Kilpatrick, Acierno, Saunders, Resnick, BestRead MoreElla is Battling Cancer1929 Words   |  8 PagesSituation is affecting her view on life and well as her family view on life with and without her. The purpose of this paper is to inform and introduce factual background of breast cancer, medical treatment options, suggestions of coping with this illness for the family and Ella as well as an outlook regarding the micro, macro and mezzo influences of the patient and family. This paper will educate Ella and her family on lifespan development and outcomes pertaining t o breast cancer. â€Å"Cancer is a termRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1963 Words   |  8 Pagesindividuals may develop the problem PTSD. People who suffer from PTSD often go through the experience in nightmares and flashbacks, have difficulty sleeping, and feeling detached or misplaced, and these symptoms can be severe enough and last long enough to significantly impair the person’s life. When and how was it discovered? Although post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is sometimes considered to be a relatively new diagnosis, as it first appeared in 1980, the concept of the disorder has a long historyRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )2578 Words   |  11 PagesThese individuals may develop PTSD. People who suffer from PTSD often relive the experience through nightmares and flashbacks, have difficulty sleeping, and feel detached or estranged, and these symptoms can be severe enough and last long enough to significantly impair the person’s daily life. When and how was it discovered? Although posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is sometimes considered to be a relatively new diagnosis, as the name first appeared in 1980, the concept of the disorder has a veryRead MoreResearch Proposal : Anorexia Nervosa6654 Words   |  27 PagesAnorexia is an emotional disorder that focuses on food, but it is actually an attempt to deal with perfectionism and a desire to gain control by strictly regulating food and weight. People with anorexia often feel that their self-esteem is tied to how thin they are. Anorexia is increasingly common, especially among young women in industrialized countries where cultural expectations encourage women to be thin. Fueled by popular fixations with thin and lean bodies, anorexia is also affectingRead MoreThe Effects Of Counseling On Suicide And Depression3763 Words   |  16 Pagesproblem solving counseling are both an effective treatment for depression in primary care. Supportive counseling or psychotherapy is used to assist the progress of optimal adjustment for situations of ongoing stress, such as chronic mental or physical illness (Huntly Centre Posts). Supportive counseling therapy can consist of a large number of regular or weekly sessions they can either be brief or over an hour long stretched over a long period of time. Supportive counseling involves the use of many and

Internet as a Form of Communication and Its Misconception Free Essays

One of the most talked, known and controversial issues today is the Internet. Internet is a large network made up of a number of smaller networks. Almost every computer in an educational facility and in home and small office use is connected to some type of a network. We will write a custom essay sample on Internet as a Form of Communication and Its Misconception or any similar topic only for you Order Now People spent a lot of time on the Internet, which may make them seem isolated. However, the Internet does not foster isolation, because it may be used for many different things like communication, education, problem solving and etc. The concept for the Internet was to make a link in to a new world, a world that has many different opportunities within its self. To gives the people options to go to China, Italy, and Egypt without spending a lot of money on the trip. To open new experiences and ideas that are just a click of a button away. The idea of going on to the internet for almost every thing may make the person seem isolated. Isolated from people, form culture, from education, from communication to other people, but in reality they are not isolated. The internet gives variety. It might not give physical opportunity to visit Japan or Russia, but it gives almost the same emotional and cultural experiences. A person does not have to read a newspaper on the train or go to an art gallery to be cultured and not seem isolated; a person just has to do what feels right at a certain time. The Internet also gives a misconception about communication. Internet is a different world that has the idea of communication in a different perspective. To communicate people don†t have to see one another, or hear one another they just have to be able to understand one another. The Internet provides just that. This may seem like isolation because no physical contact is present, and some or all of the things that are said might not be true. This is a misconception. People that are talking face to face with one another might be lying or might not be; the same is said for the Internet conversations. â€Å"People whose physical handicaps make it difficult to form new friendships find that virtual communities treat them as they always wanted to be treated† (Rheingold 206). Equality and understanding is the key, and the virtual community provides that and much more. Advice is also one of the keys for equality and understanding. As we all know advice in today†s world is not free, and most of the time you need to make an appointment to get that expansive help. The internet provides advice that is free and at the same time on the spot. In Urbana, Illinois, the Federal Department of Education has set up a network for parents, teachers, community workers, and etc. that have questions concerning children, financial assistance, educational assistance, and etc (Thomas). The Internet is not only for fun and games, but it is also for problem solving of all types. This is not the only site of this sort; Howard Reingold logged onto the Well, when he needed an answer in a matter of seconds. What amazed him when he logged on â€Å"wasn†t just the speed with which we obtained precisely the information we needed†¦it was also the immense inner sense of security that comes with discovering that real people†¦are available, around the clock, if you need them† (Rheingold 202). The idea of Internet advice may seem like isolation, but it is not. It helps people with real problems to get real advice. The ones giving advice once were getting some type of advice. The idea behind these help links are for real people to talk to real people not necessarily professionals, but with people who had real life experiences, and who see it on a more personal level. This gives emotional support to those who need it and trust that just comes along. Although the internet brings communication to different communities as well as different individuals, it also plays as an educational source. Many educational facilities are starting to conduct courses on the Internet. They are also using â€Å"Web pages to post class materials and other resources† (Mendels) for student on the Internet for faster and easier access by the students. Some educators are also requesting and requiring for their students to have an e-mail address. An e-mail address gives less paper work for the professor, and an easier access of the professor for questions and faster responses. Since the demand of computer knowledge has increased, this is a perfect way to start learning. The Internet also provides a wide variety of encyclopedias, newspapers, magazines, etc, for educational reasons, and the more people will use the Internet the more they will learn. Education does not have to be the old fashion way, it has to provide and teach different experiences th at may not otherwise be available. The Internet is a world that is available to each and every person, but how that person uses it, is how the opinion of isolation forms. If each and every person would use the Interne for education, than there would be too many educated people. We are all very lucky that we have so much opportunity in our access, but a lot of us don†t know how to use it, and for what. That†s where education plays a big role, it does two things at once gives general and computer knowledge. The more we learn the more we know, and isolation is not one of the thing that the Internet provides. How to cite Internet as a Form of Communication and Its Misconception, Papers

Physiotherapeutic Reflection in Parkinson Disease-Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the Physiotherapeutic Reflection in Parkinsons Disease. Answer: Patients affected with Parkinsons disease gradually develops certain level of physical disability, despite of having proper medical and surgical interventions. In such situation, it is the role of physiotherapists to make such patients able to maintain the maximum level of activity and mobility (Leroi et al., 2012). This assignment will provide a reflective idea upon the assessment process carried out in an aged care facility while measuring the outcome for medical interventions in Parkinsons affected patients. Further, it will describe the way this measurement process affirmed the practice and helped in learning experience. According to the physiotherapeutic standards, measuring outcome generally involves comparing two different scales or measuring instruments so that evaluation of change in the patients health status becomes easy (Hanchard et al., 2012). It helps to determine that the chosen intervention by the clinician is helpful in enabling mobility in the patients affected with Parkinsons disease. I was to assess outcome measurement of six patients having Parkinsons disease in an aged care facility. I was Confident that I will be able to measure and compare the differences between expected outcome and current state of the patients. For this assessment, I chose Unified Parkinsons disease rating scale and Lindop Parkinsons assessment scale and compared the reliability and validity of these two against each other. The unified Parkinsons disease rating scale is a 50-question assessment of motor and non-motor symptoms related to this disease (Martinez-Martin et al., 2013). On the other hand, the Lindop scale involves a gait and bed section, which incorporates total 10 tasks, completion of which determines success of interventions (Skelly, Lindop Johnson, 2012). For the measurement, I made all the patients aware of the process and after their consent I commenced the process. I started with unified Parkinsons disease rating scale and started with evaluation of their behavior and mood. For this purpose, I used a questionnaire having 10 questions. Further, another questionnaire for their self-evaluation about their activity such as speech, swallowing, handwriting, walking, hygiene, falling dressing and so on. Furthermore, I carried out processes complications of therapy, Hoehn and Yahr severity staging and Schwab and England ADL scale (Martinez-Martin et al., 2013). The assessment using this scale took less time as the patients were to fill up a questionnaire of 50 questions. After this, the patients were introduced to the Lindop Parkinsons assessment scale, which was incorporated to understand the physical changes in their body. I described the patients about the assessment scale and informed them that the gait section will measure their abili ties such as sit to stand, timed unsupported stand, timed up and go, walking through the doorway and 180 degree right and left turn. Furthermore, the bed section will measure their ability from Sit to Lie, Lie to Sit, and Rolling to their right and left (Skelly, Lindop Johnson, 2012). All the patients tool part in the assessment and completed the activities within estimated time. This assessment process made me learn the importance of outcome measurements. All these patients were under clinicians intervention for last 6 months and this outcome measurement showed that applied intervention did not improved each patients disability. A 67-year-old patient was not being able to complete the Lindop assessment process, as he was not been able to move his lower section of the body. He also scored low in the unified assessment scale. On the other hand, 59-year-old woman, who scored low in the previous outcome measurement process, was able to complete the entire assessment without any hurdle and score highest in the unified assessment scale. Therefore, I learned that clinician intervention does not fulfill individual requirement to improve their condition. Hence, clinicians should apply interventions according to the need of each patient so that their health condition can be improved (DiCenso, Guyatt Ciliska, 2014). This outcome measurement process of Parkinsons affected patients influenced my practice. While carrying out the process, I saw that despite of the disability, patients were keen to take part in the process, as they wanted to improve their condition. Their motivation and spirit pushed me to carry out the process with conviction and I was able to provide the clinician with an authentic result. Further, I understood that providing prior description to the patients about the process helps in completion of the process without any complication as patients provide compete support to the physiotherapist. This way, the outcome measurement influenced my further practice References DiCenso, A., Guyatt, G., Ciliska, D. (2014).Evidence-Based Nursing-E-Book: A Guide to Clinical Practice, 1st Edn, pp. 381-388, Elsevier Health Sciences. https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=bHqjBQAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PR29dq=interventions+should+be+based+on+every+patients+difficultiesots=M3GrHfDjUJsig=Ie6c6CmUqyrKigkWKjl8Zl89gmA#v=onepageq=interventions%20should%20be%20based%20on%20every%20patients%20difficultiesf=false Hanchard, N. C., Goodchild, L., Thompson, J., OBrien, T., Davison, D., Richardson, C. (2012). Evidence-based clinical guidelines for the diagnosis, assessment and physiotherapy management of contracted (frozen) shoulder: quick reference summary.Physiotherapy,98(2), 117-120. Leroi, I., McDonald, K., Pantula, H., Harbishettar, V. (2012). Cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease: impact on quality of life, disability, and caregiver burden.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology,25(4), 208-214. Martinez-Martin, P., Rodriguez-Blazquez, C., Alvarez-Sanchez, M., Arakaki, T., Bergareche-Yarza, A., Chade, A., ... Mendoza-Rodriguez, A. (2013). Expanded and independent validation of the Movement Disorder SocietyUnified Parkinsons Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS).Journal of neurology,260(1), 228-236. Skelly, R., Lindop, F., Johnson, C. (2012). Multidisciplinary care of patients with Parkinson's disease.Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry,16(2), 10-14.

Main Differences Between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Dubois [Essay]

Contrary to the present peaceful coexistence state of all American citizens socially, economically, and politically, in the past, the whites segregated individuals of the African-American origin. Therefore, because of the white supremacy, the Negros had no say, even in issues that concerned their lives; hence, the nature of suffering this community endured in the hands of the whites.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Main Differences Between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Dubois [Essay] specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The African-American cries for freedom from segregation, indiscriminate killings, deprivation of their fundamental rights, and mob Violence hit a snag because the whites considered Negros as subhuman beings. Because of the worsening condition, Negros sought ways of freeing themselves from such extreme suffering, leading to the rising of two influential Negro leaders, namely Booker T and W.E.B Dubois (Gibson Para. 1-3). Although these two leaders shared a common agenda and agreed on the idea of saving the African-Americans from segregation and extreme suffering, there was a difference between booker t washington’s and w.e.b dubois’Â   ideological approaches to the problem. How Did the Views of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Dubois Differ? According to Booker T Washington’s biography, he was born a slave in 1856 and later became an advocate for Black Progress. He believed that the gradualist economic approach was the only method that could guarantee Negros freedom, an idea that Dubois dismissed. According to him, regardless of the economic riches and education that Negros obtained under submission to the whites, there is no way whites were to give them freedom, and consequently, his gradualist political policy. The central theme of Dubois’s ideology was that African-Americans had to demand and fight for their freedom. There is no way their white opp ressors could leave their slaves to leave (Gibson Para. 1-6). Because of the respect that the whites accorded Booker T having worked with them and showed loyalty to them for a long time, Booker T held the notion that, through foregoing their cries for freedom, social equality, and fundamental liberties, the whites could offer Black Americans some industrial-agricultural training and employment opportunities. Through the expertise learned from the training and jobs, African-Americans were eventually to gain the respect of whites, and consequently, the eventual granting of their civil liberties. To Booker T Washington, the gaining economic independence and respectability were of greater significance than fighting for civil rights through forceful means, which African-Americans had no guarantee that they could win (Henry 1). Difference Between Washington’s and Dubois’ Beliefs Generally, Booker T’s strategy laid more emphasis on blacks accepting and accommodating th e white cruelty and supremacy as this was the only primary method of ensuring a mutual interdependence relationship developed between African-Americans and whites. Although Booker acknowledged that such a connection could not clear the social differences between these two American groups, the association could guarantee mutual economic development of both groups and the joint release of blacks from suffering (Smock 7-19).Advertising Looking for essay on african american? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Despite similarities between Booker T Washington’s and W.E.B. Dubois’ sentiments that blacks were suffering and that economic independence was necessary for the rise of the black community, Dubois greatly opposed the submission issue. Because of the little gain, Booker T’s strategy gained African-Americans, Dubois advocated for the formation of social liberties organizations to fight for the Blacks’ r ights. According to Dubois’ philosophy, although education was important in liberating the blacks, there was a need for political action and constant agitation, as it was the only way of forcing the whites to surrender some power. To be politically competent and elevate the social status of the blacks’ needs, Dubois further emphasized the importance of Blacks studying liberal arts in colleges, instead of only industrial-agricultural studies. Therefore, although Dubois accepted some of Bookers’ ideas, he believed that Booker T’s ideology never gave a concrete solution to the Race problem (Dawkins 1). Booker T Washington vs W.E.B. Dubois: Essay Conclusion In conclusion, if to compare and contrast their accomplishments and impact on society, it is clear that these two prominent African-American leaders had one agenda of helping blacks gain their freedom and civil liberties, their strategies varied. Booker believed in submission to the white supremacy, a case that Dubois opposed with his political strategy. Works Cited Dawkins, Sabrina. Deromanticizing Black History W.E.B. Dubois Booker T., Washington. 2010. Web. Gibson, Robert. Booker T., Washington, and W.E.B. Dubois: The problem of Negro Leadership. Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute. 2010. Web. Henry, Charles. Who won the great debate Booker T., Washington of W.E.B. Dubois? 2010. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Main Differences Between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Dubois [Essay] specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Main Differences Between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Dubois was written and submitted by user June Price to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

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buy custom Writing Essays essay Several approaches can be used to revise an essay to appropriate standards. Every essay revising approach is unique but the outcome is the same. Revising an essay basically means checking and correcting errors in an essay to make it more informative. The first approach is the bricklayer method. In this approach, the writer counter checks every sentence and paragraph before proceeding to the next. Unlike other approaches, this method ensures that all the points in the paragraph are clearly defined in relation to the subject at hand. For instance, the writer will ensure that the introduction has a clear definition of the subject with a properly written thesis. This approach gives the writer an ample opportunity to ensure that the initial part of a paragraph needs to have a correlation with the rest of the paragraph. Compared with other revision approaches like the architect, this approach is more accurate but it is a slow approach (Nadell, Langan Comodroms, 2010). The other technique of revising an essay is the oil paint. This approach means that, the writer has to sorts out his or her ideas with the aim of writing with limited consciousness. Unlike in the first approach, oil pant approach enables the writer to jolt down many ideas at ago and sort them through the main revision. It is a perfect method of constructing an essay within a limited time. The writer can easily align points and ideas coherently. This approach ensures that the writer has adequately supported every topic sentence with relevant information and descriptive details. Just like the first approach, this approach also ensures that the essay is underpinned on a certain logical plan and there is a flow among paragraphs (Turley, 2000). Buy custom Writing Essays essay

15 Hilarious Pranks to Pull on College Friends

15 Hilarious Pranks to Pull on College Friends Oh Lord, there are so many hilarious pranks to pull on college friends. Listen, if you’re looking for prank ideas and don’t want to get sucked into hours of prank videos, this article is for you. Here are 15 that you can always count on, as long as they go off without a hitch and are executed safely. #1 Tape the Contents of Their Trash to Their Door Make a statement. You can find out a fair amount about a person by exposing their trash. Go into their room, especially if they’re super-messy and tape everything (within reason of course) that’s trash onto their door and let them know it’s time to clean up! #2 Fill Their Dorm Room with Popcorn This is a cheap and easy trick. Making it goes really quick and you can easily fill an entire dorm room with only about 8 or 9 bags which cost maybe $2 each. Transporting it is easy as well†¦.industrial-sized trash bags. The trick is that ideally you should be able to leave the room through the window so you can make the popcorn 5 feet tall (or more)! #3 Put a Dead Thing in Their Cereal No, not a real dead thing, but a realistic looking one. It’s not over-the-top but it works (especially on girls) you could either big a furry spider in there of substantial size, a small snake, or perhaps even a rate. #4 Change Their Computer Log-In Sounds This is truly legendary. If you can get their log in information, or get into the computer while they’re away change the log-in sound to something crazy. Anything from a full-on gun fight to a ground shaking explosion with screams of terror. Then, turn their sound system up super-loud (not so loud you blow speakers) so that the next time they expect to hear some pleasant sound suddenly they’re under siege and could potential crap themselves. #5 The Almighty Soda Bomb Mentos are pretty old. But, what you do is put a tiny hole through one, latch it onto a string and then drop it into a big bottle of soda and close the cap tightly. Simply put it back in the fridge and wait. The next person who opens that will be bombarded with fizz and syrup unlike anything they’ve ever experienced before. #6 Butter Tiles Again, cheap and easy but effective. If you have any tiles, butter them up and then wait because regardless of what kind cleats someone may be wearing they’re going to end up on their butt. Really good for roommates or college friends with hard wood floors. # 7 Completely Cover them in Flour While they Sleep Don’t pour it on so they wake up. No, instead grab like 10 bags of flour (that’s a pretty hefty clean up job remember) and slowly stealth fully cover your college buddy while they sleep. Flour is actually quite comfortable. #8 Early Alarm + Flattened Tires They’re the type of person that jet’s out of bed last minute, scrambles onto their bikes and heads off to class. Okay, so set the alarm an hour ahead of schedule (and any other clocks in the room along with it) and then flatten the tires so they think they’re going to be late. #9 Put a Fake Person In their Bed Get a realistic looking mannequin and sneak them into bed next to someone. Making the mannequin’s face scary is a bonus. They could wake up in the night screaming, or they could wake up in the morning to an unexpected stranger. Hilarious. #10 Opposite Side Switch This one doesn’t make a mess, it’s free and it’s funny. While they’re away at class sneak into their room and switch everything to the opposite side so it’s a perfect match. Then, when they bring it to your attention, seriously act as if they’re nuts and it’s been that way the whole time. If you can hold your composure it will play an epic mind prank on them. #11 Early Morning Shower Prank Simply sneak into the dorm shower while they’re getting ready for another day of collegiate labor and steal their towel and clothes so they will have no other option but to grab the shower curtain. However, this may not occur to them for some time. #12-   Shaving Cream Floor Cover the floor, completely, in fragrant shaving cream. Super cheap, and not as hard to clean up. #13 Wrapping Paper Room Grab some festive wrapping paper and thoroughly set about wrapping their entire room in it. Even if it takes 10 rolls, that’s probably only $20 to do a full single dorm room. #14 Pubic Hair + Superglue Seriously, if they have a problem cleaning up their pubes, then (with gloves on) grab a bunch of the stuff and super clue it to something that’s valuable enough to them that they’ll get the point. #15 Wake Up in Unexpected Places If they’re a heavy sleeper or utterly passed out, have them wake up in a strange place. This is so awesome when pulled off correctly. We had to boil it down to these because there are hundreds of pranks out there. But, with a little creativity you could come up with just about anything. Check out even more cruel but funny roommate pranks! How about it gang, what kinds of pranks have you played on college friends that they’ll never forget?

Stem cell research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Stem cell - Research Paper Example However, in an embryo that is developing, stem cells can differentiate into a large number of specialized cells and may maintain the normal output of those organs, which regenerate such as blood and skin. The main difference between stem cells and other cells in the body is the fact that they are able to differentiate into other types of cells or tissues. This ability allows them to replace the cells that have died, moreover, this has been used by scientists to replace those cells that are defective in patients who have diseases and effects that cannot be effectively cured by other forms of medicine (Dresser 181). â€Å"Scientists believe that stem cells, from which all other types of cells can grow, will help cure Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, spinal injuries, congestive heart failure and other maladies† (Kelley). The usage of stem cells, especially embryonic stem cells in the cure of diseases such as Parkinson’s disease has come to breed a lot of controversy, and there has been a great deal of support for those who are for it and for those who are against it. There are different types of stem cells andmany different terms have been used to describe them, and these descriptions tend to come from the area of the body or the state of development from which they have come. Among the different stem cell forms are the following: tissue stem cells, fetal stem cells, cord blood stem cells, embryonic stem cells and finally, induced pluripotent stem cells. Moreover, many adult stem cells can substitute cells that die or restore tissues that have been damaged in injuries and such adult tissues as skin and muscle have their own stem cells, and in the bone marrow, blood-forming stem cells help in the production of blood cells. It is yet to be determined whether all organs have stem cells and it can, therefore, be said that the term adult stem cells is used very broadly and may contain other categories of stem cells, which are not necess arily found in adults. There are certain accepted stem cell therapies in the medical field, which require the use of stem cells, which are tissue specific. These tissue stemcells used in these therapies include the bone marrow and cord blood stem cell transplantation, which treat diseases related to blood or the restoration of blood after treatments of such conditions as cancer. In this situation, the tissue stem cells are used to mend the parts of the body from which these cells came. Another adult stem cell type is the mesenchymal stem cells, which are found in a number of tissues, and they are speculated to be able to produce bone, cartilage, and fat (Siegel 215). This has yet to be proven for human beings, but there is ongoing research on animals to determine whether these cells can be used to treat such conditions as bone fractures that do not normally heal. In addition, there is a possibility that these cells or cells that are similar to them play a role in altering the immune system in response to injury. Fetal stem cells are those, whichare taken from the fetus, which is a developing baby that has gone approximately ten weeks into gestation. The majority of the tissues in the fetus include cells that can help in the swift growth and maturity of organs and are extremely much like adult stem cells, which are often tissue specific. The fetus stem cells often produce the cell types that are mature inside the organ from which they were